Jump to content

Out of Time (album)

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Out of Time
Cover to the standard release of Out of Time
Studio album by
R.E.M.
ReleasedMarch 12, 1991 (1991-03-12)[1]
RecordedMid-1990
Studio
Genre
Length44:08
LabelWarner Bros.
Producer
R.E.M. chronology
Green
(1988) 		Out of Time
(1991) 		This Film Is On
(1991)
Alternate cover
Spanish limited edition LP cover by Spanish artist Isabel Rivera Galicia
Singles from Out of Time
  1. "Losing My Religion"
    Released: February 19, 1991
  2. "Shiny Happy People"
    Released: May 6, 1991
  3. "Near Wild Heaven"
    Released: August 5, 1991
  4. "Radio Song"
    Released: November 4, 1991

Out of Time is the seventh studio album by American alternative rock band R.E.M., released on March 12, 1991,[1] by Warner Bros. Records. With Out of Time, R.E.M.'s status grew from that of a cult band to a massive international act. The record topped the album sales charts in both the United States and the United Kingdom, spending 109 weeks on U.S. album charts, with two separate spells at the top, and spending 183 weeks on the British charts, including one week at the top. The album has sold more than four and a half million copies in the United States and more than 18 million copies worldwide.[5][6] Out of Time won three Grammy Awards in 1992: one as Best Alternative Music Album, and two for its first single, "Losing My Religion".

Details

[edit]

Out of Time combines elements of pop, folk and classical music heard on the band's previous album, Green, with a new concentration on country elements that would continue on 1992's Automatic for the People. It features guest appearances by KRS-One and Kate Pierson from The B-52's.[7]

Preceded by the release of "Losing My Religion", which became R.E.M.'s biggest U.S. hit, Out of Time gave them their first U.S. and UK No. 1 album. The band did not tour to support the release, although they did make occasional appearances on television or at festivals. In Germany, it is the band's best-selling album, selling more than 1,250,000 copies, reaching 5× gold.[8] Out of Time was the first R.E.M. album to have an alternative expanded release on CD, including expanded liner notes and postcards. In Spain, a contest was held to have a limited-edition cover, with the winner being an abstract oil painting.

For the 25th anniversary the album was remastered. The standard version of the reissue comes with a second disc of demos, the deluxe version adds a third disc featuring live acoustic tracks.[9] It was released through Concord Records on November 18, 2016.

Songs

[edit]

Time Side

[edit]

"Radio Song"

[edit]

"Radio Song" opens Out of Time with an unconventional introduction featuring KRS-One of Boogie Down Productions, whose spoken-word segment sets the tone: "Hey, I can't find nothing on the radio. Yo, turn to that station." The band's characteristic sound—Buck's ringing guitar, Mills' bass, and Stipe's vocals—enters only after this opening gambit, with Stipe singing about the world "collapsing around our ears." The track then transitions into a funk-influenced groove, a style R.E.M. had not explored in such depth since Fables of the Reconstruction's "Can't Get There From Here". KRS-One contributes a rap that both Stipe and Berry credit with revitalizing the song. While initially intended only to provide vocal interjections, KRS-One developed a full rap that aligned with the song's critique of radio programming. Stipe, a fan of Boogie Down Productions' Ghetto Music: The Blueprint of Hip Hop, noted that KRS-One's contributions were fueled by shared frustrations with the radio industry. Other guest performers on the track include Peter Holsapple on additional bass, Kidd Jordan on tenor, alto, and baritone saxophones, and strings arranged by Mark Bingham. Producer Scott Litt added echo and tape loop effects.[10]

Musically, the track features Mills on Hammond organ, which evokes the sound of a classic Staxrecordings according to Rosen, complemented by Buck's funky, minimalist guitar riffs and Berry's syncopated drumming. Stipe's vocal delivery alternates between heartfelt and humorous, reflecting the song's critique of formulaic radio playlists. Lyrically, "Radio Song" protests the repetitive and uninspired nature of commercial radio, a theme underscored by Berry's pointed comment that "We don't owe radio shit" due to the band's early struggles for airplay. Stipe, however, viewed the song with a lighter perspective, calling it a humorous critique, including his own performance. He hoped listeners would grasp the irony in his dramatic opening plea about the collapsing world and KRS-One's thought-provoking rap. An alternate version of the song, the Tower of Luv Bug Mix remixed by Herby "Luvbug" Azor, was included on a promotional CD single. This mix added spoken-word radio parody elements, female backing vocals, and jazzy instrumentation.[10]

"Losing My Religion"

[edit]

"Losing My Religion" emerged from an initial idea by Buck. He experimented with a mandolin while drinking beer and watching a baseball game, recording the result on a boom box. During rehearsals, the band worked on this initial idea, with Berry initially playing bass before switching to drums. The song developed into a full band arrangement, with Buck on mandolin and electric octave guitar, Mike Mills on bass and keyboard strings, Berry on drums and percussion, and Peter Holsapple on acoustic guitar. When previewed live at the 40 Watt Club in Athens, Georgia, the band performed it acoustically without Berry.[11]

Stipe's lyrics, which include the phrase "losing my religion" (a Southern idiom meaning "at the end of one's rope"), have been widely interpreted as an exploration of obsession and vulnerability. Stipe himself described the song as a reinterpretation of the Police's "Every Breath You Take". Despite its personal-sounding lyrics, he denied autobiographical intent, stating that it could easily reflect broader themes or commentary on the world. The line "that's me in the spotlight" was specifically cited by Stipe as an example of a phrase that should not be taken literally.[11]

"Low"

[edit]

"Low" features an organ played by Mike Mills as its musical foundation, described by Stipe as evoking the atmosphere of a funeral parlor. Often performed during the Green tour, "Low" was among the earliest songs completed for the album. Its instrumentation includes Mills on organ, Berry on congas, Buck on guitar, Holsapple on bass, and additional string arrangements by Bingham. The song's lyrics reflect Stipe's critical perspective on love songs, particularly in the lines, "I skipped the part about love / It seemed so silly, it seemed so shallow." While Stipe generally avoided using the word "love" in his songwriting, he reintroduced it in "Low," marking the first instance since "The One I Love". Stipe noted that the song hinges on the word "time," particularly in the final verse: "You and me, we know about time."[12]

"Near Wild Heaven"

[edit]

"Near Wild Heaven", described as a Beach Boys-influenced pop song, is one of two tracks on the album featuring Mills as the primary vocalist, with Buck noting it functions as a duet between Mills and Stipe, who co-wrote the lyrics. Buck acknowledged the influence of the Beach Boys on the track, citing their albums Smiley Smile and Wild Honey as sources of inspiration during the recording process. He noted that Capitol Records had recently released a series of Beach Boys reissues with outtakes, which he listened to extensively. Buck explained that he suggested the song's high harmony part to evoke the Beach Boys' style. Both Mills and Bill Berry also shared a history of singing along to the Beach Boys' music while driving around Macon, Georgia. Despite this influence, Stipe stated that he was not a fan of the Beach Boys, describing his limited experience with Pet Sounds as unconvincing, even as he acknowledged Brian Wilson's talent.[13]

"Endgame"

[edit]

"Endgame" is an instrumental track with Stipe contributing wordless "la la las" over its orchestral arrangement. The piece, described by Peter Buck as an "end title sequence", was conceived to evoke the atmosphere of a film's closing theme. Buck stated, "It sounds like the movie's over, and that's the last theme." Stipe offered a different visual interpretation, imagining Buck on a grand stage, surrounded by classically trained musicians, playing guitar as the music swirls around him "like the ocean." The song marked Buck's first substantial effort in composing with live musicians. He replaced most of his original vocal melodies with instrumental lines, retaining his voice only for the opening verse. Stipe chose not to write lyrics for the track, explaining that imposing words would limit its interpretive possibilities, reducing its emotional scope. He commented, "Music has its shifts and ebb and flow, but the minute you put a word on it, you’ve truncated it, tunnel-visioned it into something."[14]

The recording featured several collaborators. Cecil Welch, a flugelhorn player known for his work with Henry Mancini, contributed a horn part that Stipe wrote, which he said sounded remarkably like a Mancini composition. Stipe described the experience of working with Welch as a thrill, citing his admiration for Mancini's work. In addition to Welch, the track incorporated strings arranged by Stipe and Mark Bingham. Other instrumentation included percussion by Berry, acoustic and electric guitars by Buck, bass and backing vocals by Mills, bass clarinet and tenor saxophone by Ralph Carney, and Stipe playing bass melodica. While "Endgame" features orchestral elements, Buck contrasted its approach to classical music with what he called the bombastic tendencies of his generation. He noted a preference for the intimacy of smaller string arrangements over the grandeur of large-scale orchestral references, adding that Endgame avoids the pretentiousness often associated with rock acts incorporating classical elements.[14]

Memory Side

[edit]

"Shiny Happy People"

[edit]

"Shiny Happy People", described by Buck as a "silly, stupid little song", features a collaboration with Kate Pierson of the B-52s, marking R.E.M.'s first time working with her. Pierson's contribution was highlighted as a major aspect of the track, with both Mills and Stipe praising the experience. Stipe referred to Pierson as "probably my favorite female singer", while Mills called working with her a "highlight". The recording features Buck on electric guitar, Mills playing upright bass, Berry contributing drums, and acoustic guitar provided by Holsapple. The song was recorded in one take, with Pierson and Stipe adding vocals shortly thereafter. Stipe described the song as "the happiest song" he had ever written, highlighting its lyrical construction with "so many E sounds" that he claimed make it impossible not to smile when singing it.[15]

Musically, the song features a waltz-time section in its introduction and middle, which Berry described as part of the band's effort to keep their recordings interesting through experimentation. Berry viewed the unusual time signature as a way to challenge conventional pop song structures. In contrast, Mills expressed skepticism about mid-song time changes, remarking, "I personally think that 'Psychotic Reaction' is the only good song that changes time in the middle."[15]

Packaging

[edit]

Warner Bros. Records executive Jeff Gold, alongside Rock the Vote campaign co-founder and Virgin Records executive Jeff Ayeroff, approached R.E.M. in regards to printing a petition on the back of Out of Time's CD longbox packaging in the United States, where buyers were encouraged to sign their name in support for Rock the Vote, who were in support of the Motor Voter Act to ease voter registration, and would allow voters "to register through their local DMV".[16] Gold reasoned, considering many of the album's buyers would be young, that this could "vote out" the controversial Parents Music Resource Center music censorship bill, who "put pressure on the creators and distributors of 'objectionable' music",[17] as well as make good use of the popular longbox packaging format of the day, which many artists and customers considered unnecessary and wasteful.[16] Michael Stipe also appeared in a public service announcement for the campaign.[16]

In July 2014, radio show 99% Invisible said that because of this packaging, Out of Time is "the most politically significant album in the history of the United States".[17] They said that three weeks after the album's release, "they had received 10,000 petitions, 100 per senator, and they just kept coming in droves",[17] and a month following its release, the campaign's political director and members of KMD "wheeled a shopping cart full of the first 10,000 petitions into a senate hearing".[17] The bill was eventually passed in 1993 by Bill Clinton and was in effect January 1, 1995; one commentary later said this happened "in no small part because of R.E.M.'s lobbying".[16]

Critical reception

[edit]
Contemporary professional reviews
Review scores
SourceRating
Chicago Tribune[18]
Entertainment WeeklyB−[19]
Los Angeles Times[20]
NME10/10[21]
Q[22]
Rolling Stone[23]
Select5/5[24]

Out of Time received mostly positive reviews on release. Critics offered varied perspectives on the album, highlighting its experimentation and emotional depth. Greg Kot of the Chicago Tribune called the album "R.E.M.'s most consistent effort since Reckoning" and appreciated its use of strings, horns, and guest musicians, which "accent the band's melodic strengths".[18] He described the album as "a song cycle of love songs that sound intimate even in the wide open spaces of the arrangements".[18] Writing for Entertainment Weekly, David Browne felt the album fell short of the band's previous standards, stating that while "strings, organs, and collaborations with rappers and the B-52's" gave the album a different texture, it "never matches the vibrancy of the band's earlier work."[19] In the Los Angeles Times, Richard Cromelin observed that the album diverged from the sound of Green, noting that it "draws a line between the bright polish of its radio-ready pop songs and the impressionistic allure of its more shadowy tracks."[20] He acknowledged the string arrangements and moments where R.E.M. aimed to "recapture the aura of their early mystique."[20] Mark Cooper of Q agreed, highlighting Stipe's vocals and the harmony singing while describing the album as a "brooding departure [that] offers them at their most reflective, challenging and intriguing".[22]

Terry Staunton of NME highlighted the album's eclecticism, noting it "veers from the playful exuberance of 'Shiny Happy People' to the desolate beauty of 'Country Feedback'".[21] He concluded, "This is a band growing older with dignity, without losing their sense of adventure."[21] Parke Puterbaugh of Rolling Stone praised the record for achieving a balance between new mainstream appeal and the band's original identity, writing, "R.E.M. have managed to simultaneously branch out and consolidate their strengths."[23] David Cavanagh of Select labeled Out of Time the band's "finest album to date".[24] He noted a shift from political themes toward introspection, remarking, "This is an album of sweet melodies and tender words", with Mike Mills taking a larger role, as exemplified by his lead vocals on "Near Wild Heaven".[24]

Out of Time was one of R.E.M.'s more successful albums in terms of awards and nominations. It was their only album to win a Grammy Award, for Best Alternative Music Album. It also won the Q Award for Best Album of 1991.

Legacy

[edit]
Retrospective professional reviews
Aggregate scores
SourceRating
Metacritic80/100[34]
Review scores
SourceRating
AllMusic[25]
American Songwriter4/5[26]
Christgau's Consumer GuideA[27]
Classic Rock[28]
Drowned in Sound9/10[29]
Pitchfork8.4/10[30]
Record Collector[31]
Uncut[32]
Under the Radar[33]

In 2000, Out of Time was voted number 49 in Colin Larkin's All Time Top 1000 Albums.[35] It was featured in Time magazine's 2006 list of the "All-Time 100 Albums".[36] According to the review aggregator Metacritic, the 25th anniversary re-release of Out of Time received "generally favorable reviews" based on a weighted average score of 80 out of 100 from nine critic reviews.[34]

Track listing

[edit]

All tracks written by Bill Berry, Peter Buck, Mike Mills and Michael Stipe.

Time Side

  1. "Radio Song" – 4:15
  2. "Losing My Religion" – 4:28
  3. "Low" – 4:55
  4. "Near Wild Heaven" – 3:17
  5. "Endgame" – 3:48

Memory Side

  1. "Shiny Happy People" – 3:44
  2. "Belong" – 4:03
  3. "Half a World Away" – 3:26
  4. "Texarkana" – 3:36
  5. "Country Feedback" – 4:07
  6. "Me in Honey" – 4:06

Personnel

[edit]

Personnel adapted from Out of Time liner notes,[37] except where indicated.

R.E.M.

  • Bill Berry – drums ("Radio Song", "Losing My Religion", "Near Wild Heaven" , "Shiny Happy People", "Belong", "Texarkana", "Me In Honey"), percussion (all tracks), congas ("Low"), bass guitar ("Half a World Away", "Country Feedback"), piano ("Near Wild Heaven"), vocals ("Near Wild Heaven", "Belong", "Country Feedback"); production
  • Peter Buck – electric guitar (all except "Half a World Away"), acoustic guitar ("Endgame", "Half a World Away", "Country Feedback"), mandolin ("Losing My Religion", "Half a World Away"); production
  • Mike Mills – bass guitar ("Radio Song", "Losing My Religion", "Near Wild Heaven", "Endgame", "Shiny Happy People", "Belong", "Texarkana", "Me In Honey"), vocals ("Losing My Religion", "Near Wild Heaven", "Endgame", "Shiny Happy People", "Belong", "Half a World Away", "Texarkana", "Me In Honey"), organ ("Radio Song", "Low", "Shiny Happy People", "Half a World Away", "Country Feedback"), piano ("Belong"), harpsichord and percussion ("Half a World Away"), string synthesizer and arrangement ("Losing My Religion", "Texarkana"); production
  • Michael Stipe – vocals (all tracks), bass melodica and arrangements ("Endgame"); production, packaging, photography

Additional musicians

  • David Arenz – violin ("Radio Song", "Low", "Near Wild Heaven", "Endgame", "Shiny Happy People", "Half a World Away", "Texarkana")
  • Ellie Arenz – violin ("Radio Song", "Low", "Near Wild Heaven", "Endgame", "Shiny Happy People", "Half a World Away", "Texarkana")
  • Mark Bingham – string arrangements ("Radio Song", "Losing My Religion",[38] "Low", "Near Wild Heaven", "Endgame", "Shiny Happy People", "Half a World Away", "Texarkana")
  • David Braitberg – violin ("Radio Song", "Low", "Near Wild Heaven", "Endgame", "Shiny Happy People", "Half a World Away", "Texarkana")
  • Andrew Cox – cello ("Radio Song", "Low", "Near Wild Heaven", "Endgame", "Shiny Happy People", "Half a World Away", "Texarkana")
  • Reid Harris – viola ("Radio Song", "Low", "Near Wild Heaven", "Endgame", "Shiny Happy People", "Half a World Away", "Texarkana")
  • Peter Holsapple – bass guitar ("Radio Song", "Low"), acoustic guitar ("Losing My Religion", "Shiny Happy People", "Texarkana"), electric guitar ("Belong")
  • Ralph Jones – double bass ("Radio Song", "Low", "Near Wild Heaven", "Endgame", "Shiny Happy People", "Half a World Away", "Texarkana")
  • Kidd Jordan – baritone saxophone ("Radio Song", "Near Wild Heaven"), tenor saxophone ("Radio Song", "Endgame"), alto saxophone ("Radio Song"), bass clarinet ("Low", "Endgame")
  • John Keane – pedal steel guitar ("Texarkana", "Country Feedback")
  • Dave Kempers – violin ("Radio Song", "Low", "Near Wild Heaven", "Endgame", "Shiny Happy People", "Half a World Away", "Texarkana")
  • KRS-One – rapping ("Radio Song")
  • Scott Litt – echo-loop feed ("Radio Song")
  • Elizabeth Murphy – cello ("Radio Song", "Low", "Near Wild Heaven", "Endgame", "Shiny Happy People", "Half a World Away", "Texarkana")
  • Paul Murphy – viola ("Radio Song", "Low", "Near Wild Heaven", "Endgame", "Shiny Happy People", "Half a World Away", "Texarkana")
  • Kate Pierson – backing vocals ("Near Wild Heaven"),[a] and duet ("Shiny Happy People", "Me In Honey")
  • Jay Weigel – orchestral liaison ("Radio Song", "Low", "Near Wild Heaven", "Endgame", "Shiny Happy People", "Half a World Away", "Texarkana")
  • Cecil Welch – flugelhorn ("Endgame")

Production

  • Dave Friedlander – engineering
  • Tom Garneau – engineering
  • Ben Katchor – illustrations
  • John Keane – engineering
  • Scott Litt – production, engineering
  • Ted Malia – engineering
  • Stephen Marcussen – mastering, at Precision Mastering, Los Angeles, California, United States
  • Frank Ockenfels – photography
  • Tom Recchion – packaging
  • Mike Reiter – engineering
  • Ed Rogers – illustrations
  • Karina Santo – photography
  • Doug Starn – photography
  • Mike Starn – photography

Charts

[edit]

Certifications and sales

[edit]
Region Certification Certified units/sales
Argentina (CAPIF)[73] Gold 30,000^
Australia (ARIA)[74] 2× Platinum 140,000^
Austria (IFPI Austria)[75] Platinum 50,000*
Brazil (Pro-Música Brasil)[76] Gold 100,000*
Canada (Music Canada)[77] 7× Platinum 700,000^
France (SNEP)[78] 2× Platinum 600,000*
Germany (BVMI)[79] 5× Gold 1,250,000^
Italy
sales as of 1999 		— 500,000[80]
Italy (FIMI)[81]
sales since 2009 		Gold 25,000‡
Netherlands (NVPI)[82] 2× Platinum 200,000^
New Zealand (RMNZ)[83] Gold 7,500^
Norway — 60,000[84]
Spain (PROMUSICAE)[85] 5× Platinum 500,000^
Sweden (GLF)[86] Gold 50,000^
Switzerland (IFPI Switzerland)[87] 2× Platinum 100,000^
United Kingdom (BPI)[89] 5× Platinum 1,786,954[88]
United States (RIAA)[90] 4× Platinum 4,000,000^
Summaries
Worldwide — 18,000,000[5]

* Sales figures based on certification alone.
^ Shipments figures based on certification alone.
‡ Sales+streaming figures based on certification alone.

Release history

[edit]

In 2005, Warner Bros. Records issued an expanded two-disc edition of Out of Time which includes a CD, a DVD-Audio disc containing a 5.1-channel surround sound mix of the album done by Elliot Scheiner, lyrics, a photo album, and the original CD booklet with expanded liner notes. In 2011 Warner Bros. released a 96 kHz, 24-bit and 192 kHz, 24 bit stereo release (the same High-Resolution stereo mix as featured on the DVD-Audio and later, the Blu-Ray editions) of the album at HDtracks.

Out of Time

Region Date Label Format Catalog
Germany March 8, 1991 Warner Bros. Compact Disc 7599-26496-2
United Kingdom March 11, 1991 Warner Bros. LP 7599-26496-1
Compact Disc 7599-26496-2
United States March 12, 1991 Warner Bros. LP 1-26496
Compact Disc 2-26527
Cassette 4-26496
Canada March 12, 1991 Warner Bros. Compact Disc CD 26496
France March 1991 Warner Bros. Compact Disc WE 833
Germany March 1991 Warner Bros. Digital Compact Cassette 7599-26496-5
Argentina 1991 Warner Bros. Cassette 4-26496
Bolivia 1991 Warner Bros. LP WEA WL-1152
Brazil 1991 Warner Bros. LP 6709323
Germany 1991 Warner Bros. LP 7599-26496-1†
Israel 1991 Hed Arzi Compact Disc 9 26496-2
Japan 1991 Warner Bros. Compact Disc WPCP 4195
Mexico 1991 Warner Bros. LP LPNB-7069
Russia 1991 Warner Bros. LP 1092MD/RGM 7028-1A/2
South Africa 1991 Warner Bros./Tusk Compact Disc WBCD 1701
South Korea 1991 Warner Bros. LP 7599-26496-1
Zimbabwe 1991 Tusk LP WBC 1701
Australia 1991 Warner Bros. Compact Disc 7599264962
United States 2005 Warner Bros. Compact Disc/DVD-Audio DualDisc 73951
Internet 2011 Warner Bros. LPCM FLAC 96 kHz/24bit, LPCM FLAC 192 kHz

/24bit

Note

  • † Edition packaged with a bonus 7" single—"World Leader Pretend"/"Turn You Inside Out" from Tourfilm

Box sets

Region Date Label Format Catalog Notes
Australia 1995 Warner Bros. Compact Disc box set 9362460742 Packaged with Green

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ In the CD liner notes, Pierson is incorrectly credited as performing vocals on "Country Feedback" instead of "Near Wild Heaven"[39]
  1. ^ a b "Music | R.E.M.HQ". Retrieved March 12, 2023.
  2. ^ Breihan, Tom (29 September 2020). "The Number Ones Bonus Tracks: R.E.M.'s "Supernatural Superserious"". Stereogum. Retrieved 7 December 2020.
  3. ^ Erlewine, Stephen Thomas. "R.E.M. - Unplugged 1991/2001: Complete Sessions Album Reviews, Songs & More". AllMusic. Retrieved July 21, 2023.
  4. ^ "R.E.M.: Part Lies, Part Heart, Part Truth, Part Garbage: 1982–2011 Album Review – Pitchfork". pitchfork.com.
  5. ^ a b "R.E.M. Remembrances: 31 Chart Milestones of Their 31-Year Career". Billboard.biz. Retrieved March 19, 2012.
  6. ^ David Ciminelli (February 9, 2011). "R.E.M. Calls 'Collapse Into Now' Their Best Album in 20 Years". Billboard. Retrieved January 6, 2012.
  7. ^ Gill, Andy (5 March 1991). "The Home Guard". Q Magazine. 55: 56–61.
  8. ^ "Gold-/Platin-Datenbank ('Out of Time')" (in German). Bundesverband Musikindustrie.
  9. ^ "R.E.M.'s "Out Of Time: 25th Anniversary Deluxe Edition" Review ... ..." paulsemel.com. November 23, 2016. Retrieved March 22, 2022.
  10. ^ a b Rosen 1997, pp. 107–108.
  11. ^ a b Rosen 1997, pp. 108–110.
  12. ^ Rosen 1997, p. 110.
  13. ^ Rosen 1997, pp. 111–112.
  14. ^ a b Rosen 1997, pp. 112–113.
  15. ^ a b Rosen 1997, pp. 113–114.
  16. ^ a b c d Jones, Josh (July 25, 2014). "Why R.E.M.'s 1991 Out of Time May Be the "Most Politically Important Album" Ever". Open Culture. Retrieved July 21, 2023.
  17. ^ a b c d Longbox - 99% Invisible
  18. ^ a b c Kot, Greg (March 24, 1991). "Traveling Through The Years With R.E.M." Chicago Tribune. Retrieved November 2, 2015.
  19. ^ a b Browne, David (March 22, 1991). "Out of Time". Entertainment Weekly. Archived from the original on March 1, 2016. Retrieved August 31, 2015.
  20. ^ a b c Cromelin, Richard (March 10, 1991). "R.E.M. Recovers as Boy George Goes Dancing". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved August 31, 2015.
  21. ^ a b c Staunton, Terry (March 16, 1991). "Baroque of Ages". NME. p. 30. Archived from the original on November 13, 1999. Retrieved August 31, 2015.
  22. ^ a b Cooper, Mark (April 1991). "Byzantine". Q. No. 55. p. 79.
  23. ^ a b Puterbaugh, Parke (March 21, 1991). "R.E.M. Is in Touch, Out of Time". Rolling Stone. No. 600. Archived from the original on December 29, 2015. Retrieved August 31, 2015.
  24. ^ a b c Cavanagh, David (April 1991). "Once in a Life Time". Select. No. 10. pp. 64–65.
  25. ^ Erlewine, Stephen Thomas. "Out of Time – R.E.M." AllMusic. Retrieved August 31, 2015.
  26. ^ Horowitz, Hal (November 17, 2016). "R.E.M.: Out Of Time (reissue)". American Songwriter. Archived from the original on March 18, 2024. Retrieved January 24, 2025.
  27. ^ Christgau, Robert (2000). "R.E.M.: Out of Time". Christgau's Consumer Guide: Albums of the '90s. St. Martin's Griffin. p. 265. ISBN 0-312-24560-2. Retrieved August 31, 2015.
  28. ^ Hughes, Rob (November 14, 2016). "R.E.M. - Out Of Time reissue album review". Classic Rock. Archived from the original on September 16, 2024. Retrieved January 24, 2025.
  29. ^ Lukowski, Andrzej (November 17, 2016). "R.E.M. – Out of Time (25th Anniversary Edition)". Drowned in Sound. Archived from the original on December 15, 2024. Retrieved January 24, 2025.
  30. ^ Rytlewski, Evan (December 2, 2016). "R.E.M.: Out of Time". Pitchfork. Retrieved December 2, 2016.
  31. ^ Goldsmith, Mike (November 30, 2016). "Out Of Time – REM". Record Collector. Archived from the original on December 15, 2024. Retrieved January 25, 2024.
  32. ^ Deusner, Stephen (November 23, 2016). "REM - Out Of Time 25th Anniversary Edition". Uncut. Archived from the original on June 20, 2024. Retrieved 2025-01-24.
  33. ^ Berlyant, Matthew (November 18, 2016). "R.E.M.: Out of Time (25th Anniversary Edition)". Under the Radar. Archived from the original on May 18, 2024. Retrieved January 24, 2025.
  34. ^ a b "Out of Time [25th Anniversary Edition] by R.E.M. Reviews and Tracks". Metacritic. Retrieved November 9, 2019.
  35. ^ Larkin, Colin (2000). All Time Top 1000 Albums (3rd ed.). Virgin Books. p. 58. ISBN 0-7535-0493-6.
  36. ^ Tyrangiel, Josh (November 13, 2006). "Out of Time". Time. Retrieved May 21, 2014.
  37. ^ Out of Time (CD liner notes). R.E.M. 1991.{{cite AV media notes}}: CS1 maint: others in cite AV media (notes) (link)
  38. ^ Black, p. 178.
  39. ^ Ivie, Devon (2021-03-11). "Kate Pierson Likes to Think 'Shiny Happy People' Was an 'Homage to the B-52's'". Vulture. Retrieved 2024-06-27.
  40. ^ "Australiancharts.com – R.E.M. – Out of Time". Hung Medien. Retrieved December 7, 2022.
  41. ^ "Austriancharts.at – R.E.M. – Out of Time" (in German). Hung Medien. Retrieved December 7, 2022.
  42. ^ "Top 10 Sales in Europe" (PDF). Music & Media. Vol. 8, no. 34. August 24, 1991. p. 21. Retrieved December 7, 2022.
  43. ^ "Top RPM Albums: Issue 1545". RPM. Library and Archives Canada. Retrieved December 7, 2022.
  44. ^ "Top 10 Sales in Europe" (PDF). Music & Media. Retrieved December 28, 2023.
  45. ^ "Dutchcharts.nl – R.E.M. – Out of Time" (in Dutch). Hung Medien. Retrieved December 7, 2022.
  46. ^ "European Top 100 Albums" (PDF). Music & Media. Vol. 8, no. 26. June 29, 1991. p. 21. Retrieved December 7, 2022.
  47. ^ "Top 10 Sales in Europe" (PDF). Music & Media. Retrieved December 28, 2023.
  48. ^ "Top 10 Sales in Europe" (PDF). Music & Media. Vol. 8, no. 41. October 12, 1991. p. 29. Retrieved December 7, 2022.
  49. ^ "Offiziellecharts.de – R.E.M. – Out of Time" (in German). GfK Entertainment Charts. Retrieved December 7, 2022.
  50. ^ "Top 10 Sales in Europe" (PDF). Music & Media. Vol. 8, no. 26. June 29, 1991. p. 22. Retrieved December 7, 2022.
  51. ^ "Album Top 40 slágerlista – 1991. 44. hét" (in Hungarian). MAHASZ. Retrieved December 7, 2022.
  52. ^ "Top 10 Sales in Europe" (PDF). Music & Media. Retrieved December 28, 2023.
  53. ^ "Top 10 Sales in Europe" (PDF). Music & Media. Vol. 8, no. 33. August 17, 1991. p. 18. Retrieved December 7, 2022.
  54. ^ "Charts.nz – R.E.M. – Out of Time". Hung Medien. Retrieved December 7, 2022.
  55. ^ "Norwegiancharts.com – R.E.M. – Out of Time". Hung Medien. Retrieved December 7, 2022.
  56. ^ "Top 10 Sales in Europe" (PDF). Music & Media. Vol. 8, no. 24. June 15, 1991. p. 22. Retrieved December 7, 2022.
  57. ^ Salaverri, Fernando (September 2005). Sólo éxitos: año a año, 1959–2002 (1st ed.). Spain: Fundación Autor-SGAE. ISBN 84-8048-639-2.
  58. ^ "Swedishcharts.com – R.E.M. – Out of Time". Hung Medien. Retrieved December 7, 2022.
  59. ^ "Swisscharts.com – R.E.M. – Out of Time". Hung Medien. Retrieved December 7, 2022.
  60. ^ "Official Albums Chart Top 100". Official Charts Company. Retrieved December 7, 2022.
  61. ^ "R.E.M. Chart History (Billboard 200)". Billboard. Retrieved December 7, 2022.
  62. ^ "ARIA Top 50 Albums for 1990". ARIA Charts. Australian Recording Industry Association. Retrieved April 29, 2012.
  63. ^ "Austriancharts.at – Jahreshitparade 1991". Hung Medien. Retrieved April 29, 2012.
  64. ^ "RPM 100 Albums (CDs & Cassettes) of 1991". RPM. December 21, 1991. Archived from the original on April 8, 2014. Retrieved April 29, 2012.
  65. ^ "Dutch charts jaaroverzichten 1991" (ASP) (in Dutch). Retrieved April 2, 2014.
  66. ^ "European Top 100 Albums – 1991" (PDF). Music & Media. Vol. 8, no. 51–52. December 21, 1991. p. 24. Retrieved December 7, 2022.
  67. ^ "Les Albums (CD) de 1991 par InfoDisc" (in French). infodisc.fr. Archived from the original (PHP) on October 23, 2014. Retrieved April 29, 2012.
  68. ^ "Hitparade.ch – Schweizer Jahreshitparade 1991". Hung Medien. Retrieved April 29, 2012.
  69. ^ a b "Complete UK Year-End Album Charts". Archived from the original on May 19, 2012. Retrieved April 29, 2012.
  70. ^ "Billboard.BIZ – Year-end Charts – Billboard 200 – 1991". billboard.biz. Retrieved April 29, 2012.
  71. ^ "Billboard.BIZ – Year-end Charts – Billboard 200 – 1992". billboard.biz. Retrieved April 29, 2012.
  72. ^ "Top 100 Albums 1993" (PDF). Music Week. January 15, 1994. p. 25. Retrieved April 21, 2022.
  73. ^ "Discos de oro y platino" (in Spanish). Cámara Argentina de Productores de Fonogramas y Videogramas. Archived from the original on 6 July 2011. Retrieved November 11, 2019.
  74. ^ "ARIA Charts – Accreditations – 1995 Albums" (PDF). Australian Recording Industry Association.
  75. ^ "Austrian album certifications – R.E.M. – Out of Time" (in German). IFPI Austria.
  76. ^ "Brazilian album certifications – R.E.M. – Out of Time" (in Portuguese). Pro-Música Brasil.
  77. ^ "Canadian album certifications – R.E.M. – Out of Time". Music Canada.
  78. ^ "French album certifications – R.E.M. – Out of Time" (in French). InfoDisc. Select R.E.M. and click OK. 
  79. ^ "Gold-/Platin-Datenbank (R.E.M.; 'Out of Time')" (in German). Bundesverband Musikindustrie.
  80. ^ "R.E.M. mostri dal vivo a ogni costo". La Stampa (in Italian). February 25, 1999. p. 27. Retrieved December 12, 2020.
  81. ^ "Italian album certifications – R.E.M. – Out of Time" (in Italian). Federazione Industria Musicale Italiana.
  82. ^ "Dutch album certifications – R.E.M. – Out of Time" (in Dutch). Nederlandse Vereniging van Producenten en Importeurs van beeld- en geluidsdragers. Enter Out of Time in the "Artiest of titel" box.
  83. ^ "New Zealand album certifications – R.E.M. – Out of Time". Recorded Music NZ. Retrieved 2024-11-20.
  84. ^ "Scandinavia" (PDF). Music & Media. January 30, 1993. p. 30. Retrieved January 24, 2022.
  85. ^ Solo Exitos 1959–2002 Ano A Ano: Certificados > 2000–2003. Iberautor Promociones Culturales. 2005. ISBN 84-8048-639-2.
  86. ^ "Guld- och Platinacertifikat − År 1987−1998" (PDF) (in Swedish). IFPI Sweden. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2011-05-17.
  87. ^ "The Official Swiss Charts and Music Community: Awards ('Out of Time')". IFPI Switzerland. Hung Medien.
  88. ^ Harris, Bill (November 17, 2006). "Queen rules – in album sales". Jam!. Archived from the original on June 29, 2012. Retrieved March 12, 2021.
  89. ^ "British album certifications – R.E.M. – Out of Time". British Phonographic Industry.
  90. ^ "American album certifications – R.E.M. – Out of Time". Recording Industry Association of America.

Bibliography

[edit]
[edit]
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Out_of_Time_(album)&oldid=1271878372"